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Creating a System of Jedi Ethics
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cheshire
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PostPosted: Sat Nov 12, 2011 2:37 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

vanir wrote:


Like so many ideological structures the most important element is the basic premise. If you don't know the Jedi mind intimately, he may as well be talking chinese no matter how concisely he explains himself.

We should think of these people as classical martial arts masters, samurai lords, shaolin monks and knights teutonic, hospitaler and templar.
That is what they represent.


This is one of the things that has very much bothered me whenever we try to discuss Jedi ethics. Usually people want to impose Occidental paradigms onto the Jedi, and insist what they ought to believe or what they do in fact believe. Attempting to describe or prescribe a ethical system for the Jedi will ultimately fall short if we attempt to use the systems in which we commonly operate. Unfortunately, I have little exposure to Eastern philosophy (though I'm fairly well versed in Western thought), and so I've tried to keep my involvement in this discussion to a minimum, despite the fact that it's right up my alley, given that I teach ethic courses at the collegiate level.
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Bren
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PostPosted: Sat Nov 12, 2011 5:29 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

I'm unconvinced that Jedi ethics should be based solely on any particular earth region.

The robes and temple set up seems a bit like historical Japanese Zen Buddhist Warrior monks or what we see of Shaolin Monks on the Kung Fu TV shows, which I strongly suspect is < 100% accurate. Wink I think the Master Kan's advice to "Avoid rather than check. Check rather than hurt. Hurt rather than maim. Maim rather than kill. For all life is precious and cannot be replaced." works very well for a Jedi precept.

I can see a touch of Panthesism (either Shinto or Western style) in the notion that the Force is in everything. But rocks and trees don't seem like they have spirits separate from the unifying Force itself.

On the other hand, the good / evil Light Side / Dark Side dichotomy seems very un-Eastern. To me that seems more like Persian Manicheistic thought in a way that seems more like Zoroastrianism than either Asian or European religious and philisophical thought.

To me, Judaism/Christianity/Islam don't fit well with how the Jedi are presented. They meditate rather than pray, they serve, but don't really worship the Force, and they see the Force as an impersonal non-anthropomorphic aspect of nature rather than the anthropomorphic version of god that is presented in much if not most of Abrahamic relitious teaching. Though I will admit that Obi-Wan's "From A Certain Point Of View" comment reminds me of a Jesuitical explanation/rationalization.

To me it seems a mish-mash of earth philosophies. Maybe not surprising since it was created by a California film-maker not a philosophy and religion student. Wink

But I find it useful to have some way to think about how the Jedi see right and wrong.
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vanir
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PostPosted: Sat Nov 12, 2011 8:24 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

I'm your inverse cheshire, far more versed in eastern philosophy than western (no college, was into traditional kobudo for a very long time which is infused with it)

So I, for one would be tremendously interesting in your spin on a Jedi-like perspective we can use in the game, especially if it is in some ways enlightening for players.

Sounds interesting already.
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Fallon Kell
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PostPosted: Sat Nov 12, 2011 9:09 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Bren wrote:

To me, Judaism/Christianity/Islam don't fit well with how the Jedi are presented. They meditate rather than pray, they serve, but don't really worship the Force, and they see the Force as an impersonal non-anthropomorphic aspect of nature rather than the anthropomorphic version of god that is presented in much if not most of Abrahamic relitious teaching.
As a longtime amateur student of Christian theology, I can confirm this. Jedi and major monotheistic religions are incompatible right down to the most basic ways of thinking.
Bren wrote:

To me it seems a mish-mash of earth philosophies. Maybe not surprising since it was created by a California film-maker not a philosophy and religion student. Wink
Exactly. I get the idea that there may not be any difference between George's personal philosophy and that of the Jedi, and that George's periodically changes...
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vanir
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PostPosted: Sun Nov 13, 2011 12:52 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Might be worth mentioning western/eastern mediaeval period philosophies have a common source in greek thought.

gogyo setsu and gotonpo (the essence of eastern mythology from tibet to japan), is directly evolved from greek consensus transmitted via the old silk road.
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cheshire
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PostPosted: Sun Nov 13, 2011 10:16 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Bren wrote:
I'm unconvinced that Jedi ethics should be based solely on any particular earth region.


I concurr. There is indeed a mishmash of various ideas that are meant to be applied to various religions or sacred philosophies. I think that Lucas has been pretty transparent about that sort of thing in interviews concerning Star Wars and its themes on myth and religion.
Fallon Kell wrote:
Bren wrote:

To me, Judaism/Christianity/Islam don't fit well with how the Jedi are presented. They meditate rather than pray, they serve, but don't really worship the Force, and they see the Force as an impersonal non-anthropomorphic aspect of nature rather than the anthropomorphic version of god that is presented in much if not most of Abrahamic relitious teaching.
As a longtime amateur student of Christian theology, I can confirm this. Jedi and major monotheistic religions are incompatible right down to the most basic ways of thinking.

I'm a graduate student of theology, and I think you're more or less right. Again, Lucas has said that he was raising questions concerning God, though not a Judeo-Christian God.

My take on a Jedi ethical code is a bit vague as I'm not entirely convinced it falls down on hard-core Occidental principles that can be apprehended entirely by reason alone. Though Mikael Hasselstein raised a very relevant point when he said:
Mikael Hasselstein wrote:
The 'ends justify the means' - debate in our world is, essentially, the divide between Kantian vs. Utilitarian ethics. I think it's fine to think that Jedi can come down on either side so long as their reasoning is not instrumental - coming to a decision because of reasons other than the core ethical question.


Generally in American culture there is a high value placed in consequentialist ethics (that is to say, we make many moral determinations based on the projected outcomes of actions). It's one of the reasons why I've seen so many threads on other forums about how people couldn't believe Yoda would save Obi-Wan and Anakin when he could have ended the war by ignoring them and killing Duku right then. The projected outcome of killing Duku clearly saves more lives than the projected outcome of stopping to help Anakin and Obi-Wan.

At the same time, I'm not sure that it is a clearly duty-driven ethic that the Jedi follow. I think the reason why Yoda stopped was not because he saw that he had a duty to save them, per se, but more that letting them die is not the Jedi way. Living in accordance with a way of life in an Eastern sense of a Do is a bit different from Kant's ideas, which were supposed to be derived from purely reason-based principles. Yoda did not stop and ask "Canst I will the maxim of my action into a universal law of nature for all rational beings?" Though I would say that there is more than a little crossover. For example the high value of life for rational beings, and I suspect a general ban on using rational beings as a mere means. (Though I would love to hear how any of these ideas are compatible with purchasing a lot of human beings for the expressed purpose of being conscripted for war. However an essay by F.M. Kamm on the genetic modification of cells that have human potential may hold some keys to that, but I'm not prepared to offer a defense of such actions at this time).

Anyway, those are my initial thoughts, and perhaps I'll post more as I've had time to let them stew a bit.
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Azai
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PostPosted: Sun Nov 13, 2011 8:47 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

It's funny my fiancee and I were just talking about the ethical justification for the Clones, and how it seems very un-jedi like to command them.

I find it interesting that the Clone Wars flirts with this thought quite a bit, and does show the clones questioning it too.

Though when talking about a Utilitarian and Kantian out-look for a Jedi(Perhaps even a camp for the Golden-rule), I think one can make a valid argument for both of these type of Jedi to exist in a completely "light side" way of life. Preventing the out look that a utilitarian Jedi could be flirting with the darkness.

The argument being is if that situation they are facing is a moral dilemma, or a moral temptation. And if the situation is a moral dilemma as a right vs right argument then any way couldn't exists as a dark side path.
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Bren
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PostPosted: Mon Nov 14, 2011 12:49 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

cheshire wrote:
My take on a Jedi ethical code is a bit vague as I'm not entirely convinced it falls down on hard-core Occidental principles that can be apprehended entirely by reason alone. Though Mikael Hasselstein raised a very relevant point when he said:
Mikael Hasselstein wrote:
The 'ends justify the means' - debate in our world is, essentially, the divide between Kantian vs. Utilitarian ethics. I think it's fine to think that Jedi can come down on either side so long as their reasoning is not instrumental - coming to a decision because of reasons other than the core ethical question.
There seems to be a desire to have Jedi masters/teachers occassionally spout Koan-like phrases and the admonition to "search your feelings" both argue against a strictly reason-based moral code.

I tend to look at the four-five principles of the Jedi code as being close to absolute prescripts, but with a bit of wiggle room even here. And everything thing else is more utilitarian.

The Jedi seem to focus a lot on the reason for action not just on the result of action. But I interpret that as an attempt to instill caution and self-reflection in the Jedi so that they aren't tempted into Dark Side actions by an ends means argument. Both the ends and the means need to be right to avoid the risk of starting down the path of the Dark Side.

Quote:
At the same time, I'm not sure that it is a clearly duty-driven ethic that the Jedi follow. I think the reason why Yoda stopped was not because he saw that he had a duty to save them, per se, but more that letting them die is not the Jedi way.
I think this is a very good point.

There also seems (in part I suspect for dramatic reasons) to be a higher weight placed on the closeness of connections. So Luke wants to save his father and takes considerable risk to do so because Anakin is his father. We don't see Luke exerting anywhere near the same level of effort to save (either morally or physically) the Imperial officers or Advisors, Crimson Guards, Stormtroopers, or Naval crewers aboard the second Death Star. Luke carries the dead body of his father off the dying Death Star - he doesn't grab up and save any of the Imperial forces that are aboard. Why? - Well it fits the space opera genre. It fits the dramatic convention that the audience cares more about the fate of named characters than about unnamed characters. But just maybe, there is greater responsibilty for those one is more closely connected too and there is greater Dark Side risk in actions and inactions connected to those one is close to. This may be another reason that the prequel Jedi try to eschew attachments.

Quote:
Yoda did not stop and ask "Canst I will the maxim of my action into a universal law of nature for all rational beings?"
I just loved this. Really made me chuckle. I like the idea of Yoda and Immanuel Kant having a conversation about the merits and problems of deontological ethics. Laughing

Quote:
Though I would love to hear how any of these ideas are compatible with purchasing a lot of human beings for the expressed purpose of being conscripted for war.
I assume it is a combination of (i) a means ends argument that the clones are necessary to save the Republic and the Republic, though flawed, is better than the alternative(s); (ii) part and parcel of keeping the Jedi out of political/governing decisions so the Chancellor has decided to use the Clones and has requested the Jedi's support and the Jedi as guardians and servants of the Republic feel that they should comply and help defend the Republic; (iii) the growing identification of Dark Siders or the Sith with the Separatists means that opposing the Separatists is opposing the Dark Side and there is again a means-ends argument to using the Clones to oppose the Separtist forces, and (iv) I don't think the Jedi council ever authorized creation of the clones - though I do wonder who payed the Clone Masters - I always thought someone should have investigated that whole Sifo-Dyas thing - you "know follow the money."

Quote:
Anyway, those are my initial thoughts, and perhaps I'll post more as I've had time to let them stew a bit.
Interesting thoughts.
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vanir
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PostPosted: Mon Nov 14, 2011 10:56 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

hehe, you brought up interesting points indeed cheshire.

perhaps it is that by determined anthropormoprhism and observation of cause and effect that ad hoc adaptability vital to concise solutions and recognition of retrograde accomplishment distinguish a not altogether uncommon tendency for more traditional, old world eastern culturalists to refer to patriotic westerners as utterly childish in thought, word and deed, in everything they are and have been, without recourse as being this is represented by the very root cause of their views.

...



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cheshire
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PostPosted: Tue Nov 15, 2011 9:41 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Bren wrote:

Quote:
Yoda did not stop and ask "Canst I will the maxim of my action into a universal law of nature for all rational beings?"
I just loved this. Really made me chuckle. I like the idea of Yoda and Immanuel Kant having a conversation about the merits and problems of deontological ethics. Laughing


Independently they're both difficult to read. A dialog between the two of them would be the most obnoxious thing ever committed to paper. (Perhaps with the exception of the deliberately difficult to read Interlude in Kierkegaard's Philosophical Fragments.)
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Bren
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PostPosted: Tue Nov 15, 2011 3:32 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

cheshire wrote:
Independently they're both difficult to read. A dialog between the two of them would be the most obnoxious thing ever committed to paper. (Perhaps with the exception of the deliberately difficult to read Interlude in Kierkegaard's Philosophical Fragments.)
Yes, philosophers often seem to feel they get bonus points for using inscrutable and impenatrable language when conveying their thoughts. It helps put the decision by the Athenian assembly to convict Socrates in context. Wink

And based on Plato's writings, Socrates was relatively easy to understand.
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cheshire
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PostPosted: Tue Nov 15, 2011 7:17 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Bren wrote:
Yes, philosophers often seem to feel they get bonus points for using inscrutable and impenatrable language when conveying their thoughts.

Really, Kierkegaard was just being an unwelcome jester in Hegel's court. I think he was ramping the concepts in an interlude just to thumb his nose at the presumed Hegelian reader.

Err... but... um... Jedi stuff.

Wizards of the Coast once had a very interesting idea trying to explain something to an obviously Western audience. People kept asking why they stuck with the WEG precedent of not using the Force to harm someone outside of Dark Side Powers. They said it was because the Force was actually created by all living things. Using the Force to kill something was causing the Force to, in a sense, turn against the source of itself, creating a metaphysical monstrosity.

I thought it warranted mentioning here as a discussion point.
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Azai
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PostPosted: Tue Nov 15, 2011 9:51 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Though isn't the force life and death? At least that is what I got from the movies, especially being able to become "one with the force" and linger like Obi-won did.

So couldn't the force be death and life all in one? So using it to cause harm or death would just be as natural as using it to help and create life. Also if the force is everything that surrounds us, binds us, is it the darkside that causes earth quakes, tsunamis? Solar flares? Supernovas?

This could be considered the force turning on itself, but they are all natural occurrences.

Just something I have to say about wizards thought about the dark and light.
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vanir
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PostPosted: Wed Nov 16, 2011 5:51 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Azai the spanner in the works is complex evolutionary diversity, at least in terms of the typically oriental concept of maát or karma, in which monotheistic kabbala and to a lesser extent judaism observes.

In sectarian terms an extrapolate is the term "evil" which is not a word, but a term derived from the old english "unlife" or rather simplistically the word "live" spelled backwards. The latin version means malicious intent.

Religious fundamentalism is insanely simplistic by definition.

The fundamentalist contention of disembodied evil is based on the philosophical view that a poisonous condition harms life and thus is inherently diametrically opposed to complex evolutionary diversity. In order for the ebola virus to proliferate as a lifeform for example it must annihilate primate species as host, including up to 80% of the world human population, effectively defining a primordeal kind of evil at least in a relative sense.

It is along these kind of lines, philosophical corruption of productive (and the achievement and proliferation of sentient) life which may define ideas upon whether the Force can be used in any way diametrically opposed to complex evolutionary diversity as opposed to special conditions of survival.

In simplest Jedi terms: influence, don't manipulate.
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PostPosted: Thu Nov 17, 2011 10:52 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Cheshire, Bren, I love your insights.

Bren wrote:
Maybe not surprising since it was created by a California film-maker not a philosophy and religion student.

FYI, Lucas was a student of philosophy and religion. In highschool, Lucas was a greasemonkey who loved to build and modify hot rods, and of course drive and race them. Then he had a horrible car accident in which he miraculously survived, causing him to miss most of an entire school year. He became very interested in philosophy and religion in his contemplation of his own life and mortality, and began to read up on the subjects. In college he discovered Joseph Campbell. This is all been very well-documented.

"California film-maker" and "philosophy and religion student" are not mutually exclusive.

Bren wrote:
To me it seems a mish-mash of earth philosophies.

Absolutely. I think Jedi can largely be viewed through Eastern philosphy, but obviously there are some other aspects to it. Lucas says he is a Buddhist, but I think it is obvious there are some western and other mythological perspectives informing his belief-system as well. The same can be said for the Jedi. Lucas has indicated that the Jedi and Force represent a amalgamation of real-world philosophical and religious concepts, generalizing them to common elements. But I think Eastern philosophy/religion is at least a good starting point for considering The Force and Jedi.
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